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Report no. 419Jes Callesen 11.03.1999
Commercial feed products for finishers: new-add-II and bio-fos
Abstract
All mixtures were formulated to have a content of the amino acids: lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan, 5 per cent above the current standards. This was done in order to counteract fluctuations in the content of crude protein in the raw materials. The content of other nutrients in the feed was according to current standards (cf. FOKUS PÅ "Næringsstofnormer", 6. udgave, 1998, The National Committee for Pig Breeding). The feed was heat treated and pelleted at a minimum temperature of 81 degrees Celsius. All mixtures were produced at Aarhusegnens Andels Grovvareforening a.m.b.a. The raw material composition of the individual mixtures and a further description of the products tested is shown in appendix 1 and 3. At each feed delivery all mixtures were analysed for content of energy (EFOS), crude protein, amino acids, calcium, phosphorous and copper. Furthermore, a screening for antibiotics in all mixtures was performed. Test pigs used in the test were bought from one herd with conventional health status. The pigs were transferred to the test at an average weight of 29 kg. Each group included 72 pigs divided into 24 pens (blocks). Each block consisted of three pens - each fed a different diet. There were 3 pigs in each pen and the pigs were of the same sex within each block. The finisher unit was divided into two sections. The pens were with solid floor and a dung passage. Straw bedding was used. There was a simple dry feeder and one nipple drinker in each pen. The pigs were fed ad libitum and had free access to feed and water 24 hours a day. The feed was distributed manually approximately every second day. In the test period weight gain, feed intake, lean meat percentage, disease treatments and mortality were recorded. The effect was measured on the production value as the primary parameter. The secondary parameters included treatments of disease, mortality and other slaughter data. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance according to the GLM procedure in SAS. The production value (primary parameter) - stated as gross margin (GM) / pen place / year - was calculated from the measured production results and adjusted to the same weight at entry and at slaughter. GM / pen place / year was calculated as:
Other conditions used to calculate the GM were the latest 12 months (week 1, 1998 until week 1, 1999) average price for 30 kg MS (health status) pigs (298 DKK per pig, +/-4.41 DKK per kg) and finishers (8.45 DKK per kg carcass, including bonus payment). Various costs: 20 DKK per pig and a stable utilization of 95 per cent. The feed price used was the same for all groups (average of the latest 12 months) in all groups (1.25 DKK/FUp). All calculations were based on the analysed content of energy (FUp) in each diet. Statistically significant differences were stated at 5 per cent level and adjusted for two comparisons (group 2 and 3 against the control group) by a Bonferroni t-test. Results and discussion Feed analysis The chemical analysis of the feed are shown in appendix 2. The feed analysis showed a good concordance between the analysed and the calculated content of nutrients. The screening of the feed showed no occurrence of antibiotics in any of the diets. Disease and treatments Overall the herd was in good health. In group 1 one pig died during the test. Also in group 1, one pig was removed during the test, due to sickness. The frequency of treatments against disease (solely leg problems) was 2.1 per cent as an average across all three groups. There was no difference in frequency of treatments between the groups. Production results The production results are stated before and after the intermediate weighing as well as for the whole test period (table 2). The average weight at entry, intermediate weighing and delivery was 29, 71 and 99 kg, respectively.
Based on the achieved production results the production values were calculated with the same feed price per FUp for all groups. Thus the price for addition of the various products tested is not included. The production value for the three groups is shown in table 3
Overall the test showed that addition of the plant extract new-add-II resulted in a statistically significanthigher(p<0.02) production value compared to the control feed. The difference was primarily due to a better feed conversion in the period after the intermediate weighing (71-99 kg) compared to the control group. The product in the present test (new-add-II) is not identical with the plant extract with a similar name (new-add), which has been tested for piglets (cf. Report 384). Addition of bio-fos had no statistically significant effect on the production value. Table 3 also shows the actual gross margin. For the calculation the gross sales price for the individual product was added to the cost of the control feed. The price used for each product, was stated by the respective companies and reflects the typical price, which the pig producer has to pay, including the feedstuff companies profit. When adding new-add-II the actual gross margin was DKK 40 higher than in the control group. Appendix 1 Mixtures for finishers, raw material composition (per cent)
Appendix 2 Calculated and analysed content of nutrients in the mixtures for finishers - two deliveries during the test
Appendix 3 - Product description based on company information Group 2:
Group 3:
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